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| Smart Street Light System |
Introduction:
We have an aim to design and develop smart street
lighting system which can be used to save energy as well as human efforts. As mentioned the energy is the single most important
parameter to consider when assessing the impacts of technical systems on the
environment. Energy related emissions are responsible for approximately 80% of
air emissions and central to the most serious global environmental impacts and
hazards, including climate change, acid deposition, smog and particulates.
Lighting is often the largest electrical load in offices, but the cost of
lighting energy consumption is low when compared to the personnel costs. Thus
its energy saving potential is often neglected. According to study global grid
based electricity consumption for lighting was about 2650 TW in 2005, which was
an equivalent of 19% of total global electricity consumption. European office
buildings dedicate about 50% of their electricity for lighting, whereas the
share of electricity for lighting is around 20-30% in hospitals, 15% in
factories, 10-15% in schools and 10% in residential buildings..Intelligent
lighting control and energy management system is a perfect solution for energy
saving, especially in public lighting management. It realizes remote on/off and
dimming of lights, which can save energy by 40%, save lights maintenance costs
by 50%, and prolong lamp life by 25%. The system application in streetlight
control for each lamp will reduce in streetlight electricity and maintenance
cost, and increase availability of street light.
Block diagram:
Working:
this project is working under these
following conditions, if any vehicle or any person walks through the first
sensor then street light no. 1 will gets on. When he crosses the first street
light and reaches to second street light the first light gets off and next
light will gets on. Whenever the human movements will be occurred beyond the
street light then the light will be automatically controlled. After the
sunlight has been reduced in the street then the Street light will glow by
using a light sensor. LDR sensor are connected with the analog pin of
microcontroller so whenever any object crosses the sensor it gives continuous
value and we have put the value at a bar scale and it is programmed that if the
analog value reaches to that value it will start the light ahead of that
object. And LDR sensors are also set to below of street light so if any street
light will be off or damaged it will gives the value to microcontroller and our
microcontroller will initialize the LED which is connected to digital pin of
the microcontroller.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Problem Domain:
The existing system is commonly used in all streets of street
light system. But in this method there is a loss of heavy electricity in the
whole night. If the street light is not stopped after the night, the loss will
continue throughout the day. And also the street light is not necessary when
there are no human movements in the street.
solution Domain:
This system
resolves the faulty street lamps issue, where people are rarely taking the
initiative to report faulty street lamps in their locality. With this device,
it able to track whenever there is faulty lamps and sends the data to the
control center. Thus, technician will be able to acknowledge the faulty street
lamps at the first moment and head for the repair. Another benefit of this
system is the cost saving in terms of wiring. With the wiring method, the high
cost of the construction and material makes the system uneconomical; moreover,
the reliability of the system will reduce too. Although this system monitors
the health of the street lamp status, it did not have other smart feature
whereby controlling the street lamps by automatically turning ON or OFF the
lamps. If this feature is apply to this system, this allow another great energy
saving. In addition, any faulty lamp will be automatically turning OFF which
avoid more energy wastage causes by the faulty lamps. With the application of
the lamp illumination control on the system, the lamps are able to turn ON the
lights with low illumination when the surrounding condition needs the low light
illumination of the lamps (e.g. rainy or cloudy day). It must be sealed or
isolated probably to avoid the environmental that could affect the lifespan of
the devices.
Result
In this project
Intelligent Street lighting system is described that integrates new
technologies offering ease of maintenance and energy savings. The proposed
system is appropriate for street lighting in remote as well as urban areas
where traffic is low at times. Along with energy saving it also tackles with
the problem of power theft .It is capable of taking corrective actions in case
of unprecedented events of climatic changes.
Implementation:
Firstly,
microchip would be required to be installed on the pole lights. These chips
will consist of a micro-controller along with various sensors like LDR sensor
for data transmission and reception between concentrator and PC. The data from
the chips would be received on a remote concentrator (PC) and the PC would also
transmit the controlling action to the chip. According to the survey of
variation in the intensity of light in the field area, efficient programming
would be done to ensure minimum consumption of energy. Separate automatic mode
will be provided that will have timing considerations in addition to
surrounding light conditions.
Future scope:
- In future we can add some wireless
feature and some security feature in our projects like GSM modem and X-bee
modules. So the security purpose will be implemented with our project.
- Enhance
public safety and accelerate environmental initiatives, while keeping
costs low with increased operational efficiencies. Provide more valuable
services to citizens and build regional economic advantage.
- Pole damage detection with the
addition of a suitable sensor.
- Taxi call buttons on lamp posts to
signal to the network management centre to generate a Taxi call to the
appropriate location.
- If the system has traffic speed
sensors then this information could be used to manage traffic speed via
the dimming of the streetlights. If the average traffic speed is too fast
during evening and night hours, this could be used to trigger a slight
dimming of the streetlights. The level of dimming would be imperceptible
to motorists but they would slow down, regardless, in response to the
slightly diminished lighting. A five percent light reduction slows traffic
but is not noticeable to motorists.
- With the added intelligence in the lamp, you can add further features to increase HID lamp life, such as softer start-up and protection against re-igniting an already hot HID lamp, since this shortens the lamp life.
Related Questions :
- How does a smart street light work?
- How do you make a street light glow on detecting vehicle movement?
- What is the principle of automatic street light?
- How does a street light sensor work?
- What is the benefit of automatic street light?
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